The in vitro activity of OPC-17116, a new 5-methyl substituted quinolone against Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) pseudomallei

 Fifty clinical isolates of Burkholderia(Pseudomonal) pseudomallei were tested by broth microdilution technique for susceptibility to OPC-17116 , a new 5-methyl substituted quinolone. The minimul inhibitory concentration (MIC) range was 1-8 µg/ml. The MIC 50 and MIC 90 were 2.6 µg/ml and 0.4 µg/ml, respectively.

Bacterial and Mycotic Organisms Isolated from Infected Peritoneal Effluent in CAPD Patients at Srinagarind Hospital

 The microbiological culture techniques were utilized to isolate microorganisms in peritoneal effluent samples collected from 45 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients at Srinagarind Hospital.  Almost 9 percent (38 of 427) were positive cultures for microorganisms.  Thirty-five bacterial and 11 fungal isolates were detected.  The most common bacteria among the gram positive cocci was coagulase negative Staphylococcus.  The less commonly recovered organisms were Sterptococcus group D enterococci and Streptococcus other than group D. Among gram negative bacilli, Enterobacter sp. Was the most frequently isolated.  Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var anitratus,  Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacteroides sp.  Were less cmmonly observed.  Trichosporon inkin was the most frequently found among the fungal organisms followed by yeast cells and Candida rugosa.  Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the bacteria isolated are as follow : coagulase negative Staphylococcus was 89% sensitive to cephalothin, but only 25% to gentamicin.

Toxic Shock Syndrome

 Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)  is a recently described acute febrile illness characterized by hypotension, sunburn like rash, desquamation and multisystemic involvement. While most common in menstruation woman, TSS also occur in men and non-menstruating women. It is shown that the disease is caused by toxic shocksyndrome toxin-1 produced by Staphylococus aureus. Treatment of TSS consists primarily of fluid replacement and supportive care. Antistaphylococcal antibiotics are indicated to reduce the rate of recurrence in menstrually related cases. In this paper , the case of TSS at Srinagrind hospital is presented.

Bacterial and Mycotic Organisms Etiology of Chronic Otitis Media with Mastoiditis at Srinagarind Hospital

 Fifty patients , 7 to 52 years of age, with chromic otitis media with mastoiditis and treated with radical mastoidectomy , at Srinagarind Hospital, KhonKaen University were studied. The pus swabs from mastoid antrums were cultured and identified for bacterial and fungal infection. Forty five specimens (90%) were found the bacterial growth on the cultures but no growth appeared on fungal cultivation. The bacteria isolated were aerobes, anaerobes and mixed organisms in the percentage of 53.33 , 8.89 and 37.78 respectively. The gram negative bacilli found in aerobic group were-proteus mirabillis (30.0%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.42%) Providencia rettgeri (4.29%) , Klebsiella species (1.43%) Enterobacter species (1.43%) Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var anitratus (1.43%) and the gram positive cocci were enterococci (7.14%) Staphylococcus aureus (1.43%) and alpha streptococci (1.43%). The bacteria found in anaerobic group were Peptostreptococcus specis (14.29%) , Clostridium (4.29%) Bacteroides melaninogenicus (4.29%) Bacteroides species (2.86%) B.fragills (1.43%) Fusobacterium species (1.43%) and Peptococcus species (1.43%) The predominant bacteria, proteus mirabillis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, were susceptible to gentamicin in the percentage of 94.74 and 100, respectively. P.mirabillsisolates were also sensitive to trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (88.24%) and cepholothin (80%) and Ps.aeruginosa isolates were also susceptible to tobramycin (100%) and polymyxin (90%) 

Recognition of major methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones by molecular surveillance in Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a well-known nosocomial pathogen in tertiary healthcare facilities, can cause severe life-threatening symptoms. Nowadays, prevention and control of outbreaks related to hospital-acquired infections need molecular information to distinguish and definitely define a real etiology. For the last decade, molecular techniques have been developed and applied to an epidemiological study of infectious diseases. Among them, polymerase chain reaction-based typing techniques are most feasible to be used as molecular tools in clinical microbiology laboratory in Thailand. In this study, PCR-based typing methods, including SCCmec typing, variable numbers of tandem repeats typing of hypervariable region downstream of mecA (HVR) locus and spa gene, were applied in order to determine genetic background, and major endemic clones in Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen. A total of 247 MRSA isolated from 124 patients of Srinagarind Hospital during July 2007 through December 2008 were characterized by the PCR-based typing methods described above. Five SCCmec types were identified as type-III (60.7%), type-IIIA (30.8%), type-II SCCmec (6%), type-III DCS (1.7%), and type-I variant with class C mec complex (0.9%), respectively. HVR and spa typing differentiated MRSA into 5 and 10 groups, respectively. Combination of all genetic markers could identify two major clones, III-15-7 (43.6%), and IIIA-7-7 (22.2%). Medical wards and medical intensive care unit were considered as endemic areas of these two clones. Information in this study may be applied to infection control measure and lead to development of suitable PCR-typing techniques for MRSA in clinical laboratory. 

Identificarion of SHV beta - lactamases in ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae from Srinagarind Hospital collected between 1998 and 1999 and in 2003

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